# NPV & IRR Calculator

> Net present value, internal rate of return and payback period for a series of cash flows.

Net present value discounts every future cash flow back to today at a chosen rate and subtracts the initial investment; a positive NPV means the project beats that rate. The internal rate of return is the discount rate at which NPV becomes exactly zero, found here by bisection.

**URL:** https://convertto.tech/t/npv-irr-calculator
**Category:** Calculators (https://convertto.tech/c/calculators)
**Privacy:** Runs entirely in the browser; no upload
**Cost:** Free, no sign-up
**Last updated:** 2026-08-01

## Key facts

- **Privacy:** Runs entirely in your browser — nothing is uploaded
- **Cost:** Free, unlimited, no sign-up

## How to use

1. Set the initial investment.
2. Enter or paste your cash flows.
3. Set the discount rate.
4. Choose the currency symbol.
5. The result appears immediately — copy or download it.

## FAQ

### Why is my IRR undefined?

IRR only exists when the cash flows change sign at least once — an outflow followed by inflows. If every value is negative, or every value positive, there is no rate at which NPV crosses zero.

### Should I trust NPV or IRR?

NPV, when they disagree. IRR assumes interim cash flows are reinvested at the IRR itself, which is rarely realistic, and it can produce multiple answers when flows change sign more than once.

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